Rome, Italy – A groundbreaking spatial decision support model integrating Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has been developed to address the complex challenge of identifying optimal sites for ground-mounted photovoltaic (GMPV) installations across Italy. This innovative framework, detailed in a recent study, promises to streamline the deployment of solar energy projects by systematically evaluating a comprehensive range of critical factors, offering a robust solution for accelerating Italy's renewable energy transition while minimizing environmental and social impacts.

The increasing demand for renewable energy necessitates a sophisticated approach to site selection, moving beyond simplistic evaluations. The new methodology specifically tackles the multi-dimensional evaluation required for GMPV systems, incorporating regulatory, environmental, and technical constraints. Researchers meticulously integrated diverse criteria, including stringent regulatory requirements, hydrogeological and geotechnical hazards such as flood vulnerability and slope instability, detailed land use attributes, solar irradiation potential, and crucial proximity to existing grid infrastructure and transportation networks. Terrain morphology also forms a vital component of the analysis, ensuring suitability for large-scale installations.

Each criterion within the MCA-GIS framework is assigned a weighted value, reflecting its relative significance in the overall assessment. This systematic weighting allows for a nuanced evaluation, culminating in a priority index that directly supports decision-makers in identifying the most suitable and high-potential sites for photovoltaic deployment. The model's design aims to reconcile the imperative for increased renewable energy production with broader environmental, social, and economic objectives, thereby ensuring minimal conflicts with other essential land uses, particularly agricultural and protected areas.

By facilitating the avoidance of high-risk zones, the framework enhances project viability and reduces potential long-term liabilities. Furthermore, by optimizing for variables such as irradiation levels and ease of grid connection, it maximizes energy yields while simultaneously limiting environmental footprints and infrastructural costs. This structured and transparent approach provides an invaluable tool for regional authorities, urban planners, and private investors seeking to implement sustainable energy projects efficiently. Crucially, the methodology emphasizes the integral role of stakeholder perspective, fostering consensus and facilitating more inclusive decision-making processes that ensure long-term acceptance and viability at the local level, aligning energy goals with societal and environmental demands.