Sri Lanka’s power grid is grappling with the dual challenges of integrating high levels of solar PV and ensuring stability amid rapid renewable energy growth. A nationwide blackout in February 2025 underscored these issues, with the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) citing difficulties in restoring power due to the surge in rooftop solar installations. In response, policymakers are exploring solutions, including curbing solar generation and adjusting feed-in tariffs, which could jeopardize the country’s renewable energy ambitions under the Paris Agreement.

To meet its target of 70% renewable energy by 2030, Sri Lanka must adopt a nuanced approach that combines supply-side solutions like battery storage and green hydrogen with demand-side innovations such as smart EV charging. Electric Vehicles (EVs) offer a unique opportunity to stabilize the grid through Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, transforming EVs into distributed energy resources. This approach reduces reliance on costly centralized storage and enhances grid resilience.

Transitioning from uncontrolled 'dump charging' to smart charging is pivotal. Smart charging aligns EV charging with periods of surplus renewable energy, mitigating grid stress. Incentive-based schemes reward consumers for shifting charging to off-peak times, while dynamic pricing models reflect real-time electricity values. These strategies, supported by smart meters, empower consumers to make informed decisions and optimize grid performance.

Despite concerns about infrastructure costs, smart meters are essential for real-time grid monitoring and fault management. The February 2025 blackout highlighted the limitations of aggregated grid data, emphasizing the need for granular visibility to prevent future disruptions. Investments in smart infrastructure will not only support EV integration but also pave the way for a more resilient and sustainable energy system in Sri Lanka.